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Classify Quadrilaterals Using Parallel and Perpendicular Lines

Students classify quadrilaterals (squares, rectangles, parallelograms, rhombuses, trapezoids) based on the presence or absence of parallel sides and perpendicular sides (right angles). Students use a hierarchy to understand how these shapes relate to one another.

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Classify Quadrilaterals Using Parallel and Perpendicular Lines

Grade 4 · Classifying Two-Dimensional Figures · question 1 of 3

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20 rungs. A star at the top.

FGHJ

Given its marks, name quadrilateral FGHJ as tightly as you can.

Choose its name.

How it is taught

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A quadrilateral has four sides.

A rectangle has four right angles.

A square counts as a rectangle too.

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Read it: Parallelograms by their arrow marks

5 figures sit on the table. Arrow marks show the parallel sides. Which of them are parallelograms?

  1. A parallelogram has 2 pairs of parallel sides.
  2. Find the figures with 2 pairs of arrow marks.
  3. The square, the rectangle and the parallelogram: 3.

Arrow marks show which sides are parallel, so you do not guess by eye.

Right angle marks show perpendicular sides, and a rectangle has 4 right angles.

A figure with only 1 pair of parallel sides is not a parallelogram.

Count the pairs of parallel sides and the right angles. They name the figure.

Counting only the slanted figure, because it looks like a parallelogram.

The square and the rectangle have 2 pairs of parallel sides too. They count.

A figure has 4 sides and exactly 1 pair of parallel sides. What is its most exact name? — trapezoid. 1 pair of parallel sides makes a trapezoid. With only 1 pair, it is not a parallelogram.

Classify a shape with 2 pairs of parallel sides + 4 right angles

Today we'll classify quadrilaterals — four-sided shapes — by looking at their parallel and perpendicular sides.

Here is a four-sided shape. Let's figure out what kind of quadrilateral it is.

Grade 4 · Using parallel & perpendicular sides to name a quadrilateral

Let's name the four sides A, B, C, and D so we can talk about them.

Look at sides A and C. They run in the same direction and would never meet — they are parallel.

Now sides B and D. They are also parallel to each other!

So this shape has TWO pairs of parallel sides.

Next, check the corners. This corner is a right angle — a perfect square corner.

In fact, all four corners are right angles. That means every pair of touching sides is perpendicular.

Two pairs of parallel sides AND four right angles. That makes this shape a rectangle!

A rectangle has 2 pairs of parallel sides and 4 right angles. Great work classifying!

Now you try. Name this shape from the list under the drawing. Which name is it?

What you see

While they climb, your page writes one true line to ask about tonight, and a short note each Sunday.

MayaGrade 3 · Mathematics
Did you know?

A chessboard has 64 squares — share them out between the 8 rows and each row holds exactly 8.

Today’s goal
1 star — one skill mastered, every rung of its ladder climbed
Climbing now
Divide within 100

An example student.

MayaGrade 3 · Mathematics

Maya earned 2 stars this week — Interpret multiplication as equal groups, which took 6 answers over 3 days before its star landed 3 days ago and Multiply by 6, 7, 8 and 9. Next up: Divide within 100.

An example week.

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